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IMPROVEMENT' IN PUMPS.

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TO ALL WHQM IT MAY CONCERN:

Beit known 'that I, JOHN ROSS, of Greenville, in the county of Montcalm, and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact 'description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which4 A l Figure 1 is a front view of' my improved pump, part being broken away to show the construction.

Figure 2 is a side view of the same, part being broken away to show the construction.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

My invention has for itsobject to furnish animprcved pump by means of whichwater can be raise from deep wells quicker and easier than with the pumpsuow in use; and it consists, first, in the combination of a crank, pinion-wheel, and rack with each other, with th'e valve rod, and with the head of'the pump stock; second, the combination and arrangement of the centre piece and valve cylinders with each other-and with the pump stock; and third, in making the piston rod of such a size as to very. nearly balance vthe weight of the column of water inthe pump so that'the power required to work a single pump is very little.

A is the pump stock, tthe bore B of which is made smaller than is usual in other pumps. At the lower end of the pump stock the bore B is enlarged with a chamber, C, into the lower end of which tits the upper end of the centre piece, D. .This centre piece D has two bores, Eand F, one on each side, asy shown in iig. 1, the upper, end or mouth of 'each of which is covered with a valve, G, opening upwards into the chamber C, as shown. Near the bottom of the centre piece D the bores E and F 'turn at right angles and lead through' the sides of the piece D into the valve cylinders H and I. The chambers 'L and M of these cylinders, in which the pistons J and K work, may be made of suilicient capacity to contain' a pailful vof water. From the lower parts of these chambers holes oI-.cpenings lead into the bores E .an'dF of the centre piece D, as above described. In the bottom of the chambers Land M are placed box valves Naud O, opening upwards, as shown in fig. 1. From below these valves smaller tubes lead through the lower parts h and z' of the cylinders H and I, through which the water enters the cylinders. The lower parts h and I' of the cylinders H and I, which project below the lower end of the centre piece D, should be from four to six feet long, so that the piston chambers may, in general, be above the surface of the water. The pistons J and K may b e made with a cap at both ends, to be used as forcing or lifting pistons, asmay be required. .P and Rare the piston rods, which passup outside of the pump stock and terminate in racks S and T. These pistcnrods should be of such a size as `to nearly balance the weight of the column of water within the pump. The racks S and Tshould be of about the same length as the piston chambers L and M, so that the pump may discharge a pailful of water at each stroke of the piston. U is the crank by which the pump is operated, and which is attached to theend o f a shaft, V, revolvingin suitable bearings in the head of the pump stock. When the pumpis made double, as represented in the drawings, this shaft V may extend throughthe head of the pump stock and have a crank at each end, as shown. `Upon this shaft are placed one or two pinion-wheels, W, according as the pump is made single or double, which mesh int'o the teeth of the racks S and T and operate the pump. X is a veut tube, which leads into the chamber C of the pumpv stock, and which is below the freezing point. This vent isclosed by the lower end of tbe rod A', which extends so far up as to be reached and operated from the platform of the pump. By drawing up this rod the vent X is opened and all theowater abovethe freezing point flows` from the pump stock. Y

What I claim as new, anddesire to secure by LettersvPatent, is-

1. The arrangementl of the borevB, bores E F, chamberA C, chambers L M, and piston rods P R, secured 'to racks S T, in combination with the stock A and valve cylinders H I, and operating substantially as described for the purpose specied.

2.V In combination therewith the vent tube X of the chamber C, and notched rod-A,farranged tooperate substantially as and for tlie purpose specied.

l JOHN ROSS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES PARKER, D. O. BLAKE. 

